Acesulfame potassium (Ace-K) in food: ingestion safety
Low risk(People-specific data is limited; this page draws from human adult context.) Acesulfame potassium presents low risk to human adults based on current regulatory evidence. FDA (1988) and EFSA (ADI 9 mg/kg/day) approvals reflect established safety at current exposure levels. Typical dietary exposure to Ace-K is well below the ADI for the vast majority of consumers. Emerging epidemiological associations (cardiovascular risk in NutriNet-Santé; gut microbiome disruption) represent signals warranting continued research but do not constitute regulatory grounds for reclassification given the current evidence quality. WHO 2023 guideline on NSS focuses on ineffectiveness for weight control rather than toxicological harm. Not classified as carcinogenic.
What is acesulfame potassium (ace-k)?
The IUPAC name is potassium 6-methyl-2,2-dioxo-1-oxa-2lambda6-thia-3-azanidacyclohex-5-en-4-one.
Also known as: potassium 6-methyl-2,2-dioxo-1-oxa-2lambda6-thia-3-azanidacyclohex-5-en-4-one, Acesulfame potassium, Acesulfame K, Potassium acesulfame.
- IUPAC name
- potassium 6-methyl-2,2-dioxo-1-oxa-2lambda6-thia-3-azanidacyclohex-5-en-4-one
- CAS number
- 55589-62-3
- Molecular formula
- C4H4KNO4S
- Molecular weight
- 201.24 g/mol
- SMILES
- CC1=CC(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)O1.[K+]
- PubChem CID
- 11074431
Risk for people
Low riskAcesulfame potassium presents low risk to human adults based on current regulatory evidence. FDA (1988) and EFSA (ADI 9 mg/kg/day) approvals reflect established safety at current exposure levels. Typical dietary exposure to Ace-K is well below the ADI for the vast majority of consumers. Emerging epidemiological associations (cardiovascular risk in NutriNet-Santé; gut microbiome disruption) represent signals warranting continued research but do not constitute regulatory grounds for reclassification given the current evidence quality. WHO 2023 guideline on NSS focuses on ineffectiveness for weight control rather than toxicological harm. Not classified as carcinogenic.
Regulatory consensus
3 regulatory and scientific bodies have classified Acesulfame potassium (Ace-K). The classifications differ — that's the data.
| Agency | Year | Classification | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| IARC | 2020 | Not evaluated by IARC for carcinogenicity — acesulfame potassium (Ace-K; acesulfame K; E950) is a high-intensity non-nutritive sweetener (200× sucrose sweetness) approved by FDA (1988) and EFSA; not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or EPA; primary regulatory concern is emerging evidence from rodent studies and some epidemiological data associating Ace-K with potential cardiometabolic effects and gut microbiome disruption; EFSA ADI is 9 mg/kg/day; Canada has not approved Ace-K for some food categories | |
| EPA CTX / Genetox | — | Genotoxicity: positive (Ames: negative, 2 positive / 8 negative reports) | |
| EPA CTX / Genetox | — | Genotoxicity: positive (Ames: negative, 2 positive / 8 negative reports) |
Regulators apply different standards of evidence — animal-data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds — which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. The disagreement is the data.
Where you encounter acesulfame potassium (ace-k)
- Industrial Facilities — Manufacturing plants, Chemical storage areas, Waste treatment sites
- Occupational Environments — Factories, Warehouses, Transportation vehicles
- Food — processed food, beverages, candy, baked goods
Safer alternatives
Lower-risk approaches that achieve a similar outcome to Acesulfame potassium (Ace-K):
-
Natural preservatives; Clean-label ingredients; Minimally processed food
Trade-offs: Consumer label appeal ('clean label'); variable efficacy depending on food matrix and target pathogen; may alter flavor/color; regulatory status varies by jurisdiction; often more expensive per unit of preservation effect.Relative cost: 2-5× conventional
Frequently asked questions
What products contain acesulfame potassium (ace-k)?
Acesulfame potassium (Ace-K) appears in: Manufacturing plants (Industrial facilities); Chemical storage areas (Industrial facilities); Factories (Occupational environments); Warehouses (Occupational environments); processed food (Food).
Why do regulators disagree about acesulfame potassium (ace-k)?
Acesulfame potassium (Ace-K) has been classified by 3 agencies including IARC, EPA CTX / Genetox, EPA CTX / Genetox, with differing conclusions. Regulators apply different standards of evidence (animal data weighting, exposure-pattern assumptions, epidemiological power thresholds), which is why two scientific bodies can review the same data and reach different conclusions. See the regulatory consensus table on this page for the full picture.
See Acesulfame potassium (Ace-K) in the food app
Look up products containing acesulfame potassium (ace-k), compare to alternatives, and explore the full data record.
Open in food View raw API dataSources (1)
- Acesulfame Potassium Ace-K E950 200x Sucrose Sweetness Non-Nutritive; FDA 21 CFR 172.800 1988; EFSA ADI 9 mg/kg/day JECFA 15 mg/kg/day; T1R2/T1R3 Sweet Receptor Gustducin; No Metabolism 100% Urinary Excretion Unchanged; Gut Microbiome Disruption Bian 2017 Cell Metabolism; NutriNet-Santé CV Risk Debras 2022 PLOS Medicine; WHO 2023 NSS Guideline No Weight Benefit; Ace-K WWTP Tracer Conservative Groundwater Contamination Marker; Coca-Cola Zero Aspartame Sucralose Co-Sweetened; IARC Not Evaluated Not Carcinogen (2020) — regulatory
Reference data, not professional advice. Aggregates publicly available regulatory and scientific data; not a substitute for veterinary, medical, legal, or regulatory advice. Why we built ALETHEIA →